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Johann Steinhauer
Johann Steinhauer ((ラトビア語:Jānis Šteinhauers); 19 January 1705〔St. Johannis (Jana) Lutheran Parish Birth register P. (159 ())〕 – 21 February 1779〔St. Johannis (Jana) Lutheran Parish Death register P. (1779, 36 ())〕) was a Latvian entrepreneur, social reformer and landowner, who made significant contributions to the Latvian civil rights throughout the 18th century.〔Bartlett, Roger P. (1979, p.88-89).〕〔(The People of Riga ). "Johann Steinhauer (1705-1779) The first Latvian industrialist and the biggest Latvian landowner in Riga in the 18th century. From 1743 he worked as a crown mast selector, then from 1756 he was the owner of the Hermeling estate (Hermeliņa muiža) and sawmill and several other estates in Riga. In 1765 he established the first paper factory in Riga. Steinhauer was involved for a long time in court proceedings with the Riga City Council in his attempts to win the right for representatives of all ethnic groups to trade in Riga, and managed to gain the right to supply ships in the port of Riga with timber. His son was officially accepted into the building owners’ guild in 1784."〕
==Family==
Johann Steinhauer was the son of Matthis Steinhauer, a runaway Latvian serf turned into a merchant who transported cargo for the Swedes during the Swedish rule of Riga. He was born about 1680 and emigrated to Riga from Courland on the turn of the century. In 1704 he married Johann's mother Margareta Schugge, a Riga Latvian. "Matthis possessed and exceptional talent for judging the quality of timber and built an international reputation as an assessor of ship's masts".〔Bartlett, Roger P. (1979, p.88-89). Matthis possessed and exceptional Talent for Judging the quality of Timber and built an international reputation as an assesor of ship's masts〕
Between 1703 and 1710 Matthis and mast selector Brinkkis was were hired by the Tzar Peter I of Russia to select the wood for the construction of the newly founded city of Saint Petersburg, receiving the title of Royal Mast Selector.〔Gerhard von Pantzer, Baltische Ahnen- und Stammtafeln 28.]ahrgang (Köln: Deutsch-Baltischen Genealogischen Gesellschaft e.V, 1986), Stammliste Moritz / Mastenwracker-Familie Steinhauer in Riga und ihre Nachkommen in aller Welt; Page 30. "Vorübergehend arbeitete Matthias im Auftrage der Regierung Peters des Grossen, (also im Auftrage der "Krone"), im Inneren Russlands bei der Auswahl von Bauholz für die Errichtung St. Petersburgs. Zusammen mit einem anderen lettischen Mastenwraker (Brinkkis) wurde er "Kron-Masten-Wraker"."〕 He engaged the Unitas Fratrum or Moravian Brethren, becoming one of their most prominent members in Riga, and this would have far lasting consequences in the destinies of his descendants.〔Gerhard von Pantzer, Baltische Ahnen- und Stammtafeln 28.]ahrgang (Köln: Deutsch-Baltischen Genealogischen Gesellschaft e.V, 1986), Stammliste Moritz / Mastenwracker-Familie Steinhauer in Riga und ihre Nachkommen in aller Welt; Page 30. "Matthias' Haus in Riga wurde zu einem Zentrum der sich auf ihre Volkszugehörigkeit besinnendea Letten. Im Alter schloss sich Hatthias der Herrnhuter Erweckungsbewegung an, was den Werdegang zahlreicher seiner Nachkommen entsoheidend beeinflusste."〕 He had 10 known children all born in St John's parish in Riga.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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